Showing posts with label Hudson Bay Railway. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Hudson Bay Railway. Show all posts

27 August 2016

Portage 1987, Fifth Section - Farewell to the Hudson Bay Railway


As we travel southbound, you can contemplate some evidence from the 1969 Royal Commission.

We slept through Gillam and the crossing of the Kettle Rapids bridge on the Nelson River.
Above, is probably another crossing of the Nelson as we approached Thompson, Manitoba.


The unique headend traffic is still with us.

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Unless otherwise noted, black and white images and diagrams are from:

  Province of Manitoba Royal Commission Inquiry into Northern Transportation; Arthur V Mauro; 1969; Government of Manitoba.




Here is the former Hudson's Bay Company post at York Factory - at the mouth of the Hayes River.
Port Nelson, the original terminal planned for the Hudson Bay Railway, is on the nearby Nelson River.


The Canadian Government is getting the railway finished.


At Thompson, our train has turned on the wye and backed into the station.
Thompson was at the northern end of the provincial highway system.
A large item is being transferred to the brown van from the baggage car.


Our power sets off the trailers near the station.


The Royal Commission looked at some of the intermodal equipment the CNR had experimented with on the line.


From our trip log:

At Thompson, my spouse was talking to some men who had a canoe transported north in the baggage car for some fishing. It cost $3 to take the canoe one hour north. There had been a fire on the lake where they were fishing and water bombers had been working to extinguish it. 

Above, Susan converses with a woman from Sydney, Australia. She had been travelling in Canada for about two months. Next, she was heading west. On the west coast she expected to take the CPR 2860 excursion on the BCR up to Squamish and to travel up to Alaska. She remarked on some of the strange questions asked on the Churchill bus tour by some of the visitors from the south.

... Like Canada, Australia has an interesting railway history and tradition - which included junctions of different gauges where all passengers were forced to transfer. If you listen to Australian podcasts about science or general news, you will frequently hear the expression 'down the track' - often used to indicate some time in the future.

Susan also recorded that our dining car waiter (Karen) asked where we were from and said it was nice to have some Canadians on the trip. Most passengers on this train were usually from the US or Europe. 

A definite 'us and them' perspective had developed after our experiences at Churchill. As an example of our contrasting approaches ... Susan recorded that a birder from The Pas, as he got on the bus at Churchill, was told how much he looked like Spock from Star Trek. 


"The brother of my uncle from Portage" worked here as a park ranger for a number of years. 

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Below, is some evidence submitted by the CNR to the Royal Commission.
Where roads do not exist, the alternative to rail passenger transportation up here is flying.
You can imagine some of the medical flights which take place in rough weather.


This is beginning to look like every vacation we ever took to the west through northern Ontario. There's some nice fresh ballast. Pierre Berton would note that the Canadian Shield landscape is a unifying, common experience for most Canadians.

At Thicket Portage, I recorded that we took the siding for the Way Freight - '295'. We were in MBS territory, I think, and train numbers did not appear in the employee timetable. Their train was led by four GP9s (probably a couple were deadhead), and included two auto carrier box cars, Branchline Rehabilitation Program hopper cars (for track ballast) and some autos on a flat car.


Steam or water is being discharged from the dining car.

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Never to Sleep

Since the invention of the battery-powered radio scanner, my poor sleep overnight on trains has been guaranteed. 

This failure to sleep had begun a couple of decades earlier when, as an eleven year old, I had been sent on a solo trip 'for fun' by roomette from Montreal West to Fredericton Jct via the CPR short line through Maine. My expectations had been far too high for the whole affair because of the prospect of a train trip. Most of my railway experience had been with daytime steam excursions using heavyweight equipment with opening windows.

... In reality, night fell shortly after the train left Montreal - the dimly-lit, brown roomette interior jolted erratically back and forth during that long, long night. One available diversion was switching on the noisy, vibrating rubber-bladed fan - Thomas Edison himself had probably clipped a blade on the DC thing, to ensure it ran unbalanced. You have already guessed the other pastime in a roomette: propping up the bed while trying to use the toilet. Outside was blackness.


... In more modern times, the spooky synthesized 'Mr Rogers' voice of a CP trackside detector in my earplug was an effective way to be jarred awake at regular intervals in a roomette or half bedroom. But, as working adults ... so little of our lives was vacation and spent on trains that I just didn't want to miss anything.

When the photo, above, was taken we had spent three consecutive nights on the trains to and from Churchill. Staying awake to experience the 'midnight sun' of June (actually twilight at this latitude) added to my sleep deficit. With 'Cornelius' (of the previous post) off the train, I was finally getting my fill of rear vestibule riding. The noise, wind, and fatigue from holding on and maintaining my balance eventually made me realize that it was time to return to the muffled peace of the sleeping car interior.

I made a point of staying a little longer. This era was coming to an end. 

Indeed, this was my last view of the CNR ('Serves All Canada') from the rear vestibule of a passenger train. It was a warm, hazy summer day. The Canadian National Railways, as Canada's 'railroader of last resort', had maintained this bolted rail north of The Pas as if it was a main line railway. Just look at it. The steel wheels were clicking over the rail joints as we sped through the Canadian wilderness at 50 or 60 mph for hour after hour. 

This photo goes with my carefully-preserved memory of those last minutes riding 'outside' on a quintessential Canadian railway through the bush of the Canadian Shield; the old, 'obsolete' government-owned railway line, its cast-off steam-heated cars, communication wire lines, well-maintained right of way and bolted rail.

To borrow Rolly's phrase: The Pride of the Past.


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Duff, the VIA 1 Food Tasting Attendant, based at Wabowden,
 comes to meet the train.




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The Pas


Our notes indicate that Barry (our sleeping car attendant) and Karen (our dining car waiter) told us where we could find ice cream at The Pas and the four of us headed off to get some. The record shows that we discussed world politics and 'some Americans' on vacation.

Later, as you see, Susan resumed her conversation with Margaret Tate of Bexley, New South Wales, Australia.

The next morning, the sun was up early and so were we - for our early morning arrival at Portage. The train was running late, so Barry slipped a note under our door, giving us an estimate of our revised arrival time at Portage. 

Looking back, travelling to Churchill turned out to be our best VIA experience of all the long distance trips we took. VIA Montreal replied to the letter we sent expressing our appreciation for Barry's efforts to make our trip so enjoyable.

21 August 2016

Portage 1987, Fourth Section - A Last Look at Churchill




At Cape Merry (named for John Merry, deputy-governor of the Hudson's Bay Company, 1712-1728), the door at the right led to the powder magazine for the Cape Merry cannon battery - constructed in the late 1740s. The frame at the left is a benchmark for dredging of the harbour.

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Unless otherwise noted, black and white images and diagrams are from:

  Province of Manitoba Royal Commission Inquiry into Northern Transportation; Arthur V Mauro; 1969; Government of Manitoba.

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Above, Fort Prince of Wales in a partially restored state in the 1960s.


The Cape Merry battery, on the east bank of the Churchill River is in the foreground.
Fort Prince of Wales is seen beyond it on the far side of the Churchill River.


Churchill on Hudson Bay; Angus and Bernice MacIver; 1982; The Churchill Ladies Club.
The map above comes from a self-published local history of Churchill's long period of human settlement. 'Fort Churchill V' marks the location of the large American military base which was operated by various American and Canadian units between 1942 and the mid-1960s. At a local museum we were told that during the World War II 'boom years' there were about 7000 people on the US base and about 4000 residents at Churchill itself.

The MacIvers were a couple who trapped in the area and spent their vacations 'down south' researching local history. I asked about the MacIver name because I had seen an employee timetable with a station named 'MacIver'. This may have been a flag stop near their trap line. ... The museum interpreter replied that she had applied to the Geographical Names Board of Canada to name a place after them. As a result, a lake on their former trap line was named MacIver.

Churchill on Hudson Bay; Angus and Bernice MacIver; 1982; The Churchill Ladies Club
Above: Angus and Bernice MacIver in the 1960s.

Location of MacIver Lake.

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Some Local Details from the Royal Commission

The isotherms on the map above show how Hudson Bay affects local land temperatures.
You can also see how short the shipping season is on average.

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Whether it be tundra or taiga, here is a map of 'Forest Inventory Sections' near Hudson Bay.

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Detail on the Port of Churchill in the 1960s

The Port of Churchill in the mid-1960s.

In 1987, we were told that 15-25 ships were docking there per season with the port's financial break-even point being 18 ships. The terminal elevator operators came from the southern prairie provinces. Two barges and a tug boat were used to supply local Inuit settlements with fuel oil, etc during the shipping season.


The Montcalm is a Canadian Coast Guard ship.





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A Few More Photos from Our Trip in 1987


This shows part of the 'Eskimo Museum' which was set up by the local Catholic diocese
to preserve and display carvings and other art and artifacts of the area.


This is our tour gang with our brand new school touring bus. 
The facility here is used for holding local polar bears 
who become 'too friendly' with human habitation ... 
until the ice forms and then can depart to hunt for seal.

Pens inside are designed to accommodate mother bears and cubs.
Some of the barrel trap trailers can be seen at the left.

In 1987, we were told that 80-120 cubs were born annually in the denning area located along the railway, 40 miles south of Churchill.

Our tour ran from about 09hr until 17hr.
The other photos below were taken between about 19hr and 20hr.


The Churchill station is at the extreme left.
To the right is the informal settlement along the Churchill River estuary known as 'The Flats'.
Originally, its residents were mainly local aboriginal people, including 'Metis'.


Two flatcars form the piggyback ramp at Churchill.
The second one is blocked-up on sections of ties.
The provincial highway ends at Thompson - where these special TOFC cars are lifted and set off.


An auto transporter appears above in 1987.
Below is a section from the 1969 Royal Commission report about transporting autos
to Churchill and other settlements along the railway.





Anywhere else, our consist would be complete and ready to go.
However, there is still some work to do ...


... some detail of the rear of the station.


Our passenger crewman is lifting those intermodal cars with our passenger power.


The conductor who joined our train at Thompson,
whom we code-named 'Cornelius' (as in WCvH)
leads the movement back to the train - we will be departing very soon.
You can see the steam connections beneath the flatcars to supply train heat.
We boarded around 2030hr for the return trip to Portage la Prairie.

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As we prepare to depart, here is the 1969 Royal Commission section about Churchill
- from the Executive Summary.




17 August 2016

Portage 1987, Third Section - Grain Boxcars for Churchill




A few days after our return from Churchill, Manitoba, a westbound of empties passes East Tower at Portage la Prairie.






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A few days earlier ...

We had spent the day at Churchill - marked on this Google Map.

Official Guide, 1958. Collection of LC Gagnon
Leaving from my aunt and uncle's at Portage, we had followed the usual route, which passes through Hudson Bay (Junction), Saskatchewan.  

The reason for the railway line to Hudson Bay - the terminal elevator - lies between today's townsite ... and the original sites of settlement on the west side of the Churchill River. At one time this included Fort Prince of Wales.

A previous post describes the trip to Churchill.
Portage 1987, Second Section - to Churchill


At Churchill, our primarily American train-mates and we took took a local bus tour of Churchill which filled a good part of the day. Here, a Parks Canada interpreter recounts some of the history of Fort Prince of Wales and the English versus French battles over this strategic fur trading post on Hudson Bay.

The interpreter was in radio contact with other Parks employees who were keeping track of local polar bears. We were all cautioned to stay together in case a bear popped up unexpectedly. In many places in Canada, the first day of summer is not very warm.

It is entirely possible that our 'summer day' reminded some of our American fellow travellers of the Siege of Bastogne.


Here is the same bastion without people, and Fort Prince of Wales across the mouth of the Churchill River. It was possible to take a motor boat trip across to the fort, but it depended on tides and would have eaten up most of our day.


As the day progressed, the clouds withdrew. A gap in our tour continuity was created by people who had not eaten breakfast on the train. By the time the tour resumed, the sun was out. Here is the east side of the elevator. Ships dock on the far side.


This is taken from the southwest side of the elevator.
I think that is the elevator's original power plant with the stack.
Two Plymouth locomotives, built in June 1930, were used at the elevator.

In the afternoon, this is the shore east of Churchill.
Notice that the trees don't bother putting out branches on the northern side.

Our return south - with the same passenger consist - was scheduled for the early evening. After dinner, we wandered off and took a few photos of the elevator. This is on the river side, showing the grain loading conveyors.


An undated postcard shows the loading equipment from the opposite end.


Another undated postcard shows the elevator from the northeast side and near the location of my first elevator photo. You'll notice a number of wooden-sided boxcars here.


The Manitoba Hydro 1 megawatt diesel generator once used at Churchill for emergency power.


Here is a flanger from 1942 and a spreader from 1921.


Our passenger consist is reversing to the station.
TOFC cars will be added to our train before we depart.
The snow fighting equipment can be seen down the road at the right.